Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia, is a city of significant cultural and historical importance. As a hub of commerce and tradition, it attracts a diverse range of visitors, from tourists exploring its ancient sites to business professionals attending high-level meetings. However, Riyadh is also a place where traditional values and Islamic customs strongly influence daily life, particularly in terms of dress code. Understanding what to wear in Riyadh is crucial for anyone planning to visit or work there, as it not only demonstrates respect for the local culture but also ensures comfort and ease during your stay.
This article provides a detailed guide on how to dress appropriately in Riyadh, covering the needs of both men and women, tourists, expatriates, and business professionals. It addresses common concerns such as whether you can wear jeans, the necessity of a hijab, and the specific dress codes for different settings. By the end of this guide, you’ll have a clear understanding of how to dress in a way that is respectful, appropriate, and comfortable for Riyadh’s unique environment.
Understanding the General Dress Code in Riyadh
Riyadh, like much of Saudi Arabia, adheres to a conservative dress code rooted in Islamic traditions. The concept of modesty is central to Saudi culture, and this is reflected in the way both men and women are expected to dress. Modesty in dress typically means covering the body adequately, avoiding tight or revealing clothing, and choosing garments that do not draw unnecessary attention.
The dress code in Riyadh can also vary slightly depending on the season. Summers in Riyadh are extremely hot, with temperatures often exceeding 40°C (104°F). Lightweight, breathable fabrics are essential to stay comfortable, but it’s important to balance this with the need for modesty. In winter, while temperatures are cooler, the emphasis on covering up remains the same, though layering might be necessary.
Dress Code for Tourist Women in Riyadh
For female tourists, dressing modestly is of paramount importance in Riyadh. Women are generally expected to cover their arms, legs, and avoid wearing tight-fitting or revealing clothing. While the abaya—a long, black cloak worn over clothing—is traditionally worn by Saudi women, it has also become customary for female tourists to wear an abaya when in public spaces. This is less about strict legal requirements and more about blending in and showing respect for local customs.
However, it’s important to note that while the abaya is widely worn, the hijab (a headscarf covering the hair) is not mandatory for non-Muslim tourists. That said, carrying a scarf is advisable, as some places might require it, and it’s always useful for showing extra respect when visiting more conservative areas or religious sites.
When choosing what to pack, think in terms of loose-fitting tops with long sleeves, maxi skirts, or loose pants. Light, breathable fabrics like cotton or linen are ideal, given the climate. Footwear should be practical and respectful; sandals are fine for general sightseeing, but closed shoes might be more appropriate for formal settings or religious sites.
Packing Tips for Female Tourists:
- Long, loose-fitting tops (avoid sleeveless or low-cut designs).
- Maxi skirts, loose trousers, or wide-leg pants.
- A light abaya for public spaces.
- A scarf for covering your hair if needed.
- Comfortable and modest footwear.
Dress Code for Tourist Men in Riyadh
Male tourists in Riyadh are also expected to dress modestly. This means wearing long trousers and avoiding shorts in public spaces. Shirts should have sleeves, though short sleeves are generally acceptable. While Saudi men traditionally wear a thobe (a long, white robe), this is not expected of tourists, though you may choose to wear one for comfort or cultural immersion.
Jeans are acceptable as long as they are not tight-fitting or overly casual. For example, ripped or distressed jeans should be avoided, as they may be seen as disrespectful in more conservative areas. Polo shirts, button-down shirts, and even t-shirts (as long as they aren’t graphic or too tight) are suitable for most casual outings.
For formal settings, a more conservative approach is advisable, which includes wearing long sleeves, trousers, and avoiding overly bright or flashy colors.
Packing Tips for Male Tourists:
- Lightweight long trousers (avoid shorts in public).
- Shirts with sleeves (short sleeves are generally acceptable).
- A light jacket or sweater for cooler evenings.
- Practical, comfortable footwear.
Expatriates’ Dress Code in Riyadh
Expatriates living in Riyadh often find themselves navigating a more nuanced dress code than tourists. While there is some flexibility, particularly within private compounds or expatriate communities, in public spaces, the same rules of modesty apply.
For expatriate women, wearing an abaya in public is expected, though in more private or mixed expatriate settings, Western-style clothing may be more acceptable. However, even in these settings, modesty is still valued, and it’s advisable to avoid clothing that is overly revealing.
Expatriate men can generally wear Western business or casual attire, but should still adhere to the modesty guidelines when in public. This means long trousers and shirts with sleeves. In work environments, the dress code may be more relaxed, depending on the company and its policies, but it’s always safer to err on the side of formality.
One key difference for expatriates is the gradual adaptation to Saudi norms over time. While initially, it might feel restrictive, many expatriates find ways to blend their own style with the expectations of Saudi culture, often opting for clothing that is both modest and comfortable.
Business Dress Code in Riyadh
When attending business meetings in Riyadh, dressing appropriately is crucial to making a good impression. The business environment in Saudi Arabia is formal, and your attire should reflect professionalism and respect for the local culture.
For Men: Male business attire in Riyadh is typically very formal. A conservative suit and tie are standard, with dark colors like black, navy, or gray being the most appropriate. Shirts should be long-sleeved, and while white is a safe choice, light colors can also be acceptable. Given Riyadh’s heat, it’s important to choose lightweight, breathable fabrics for suits and shirts.
Footwear should be formal, with polished dress shoes being the norm. It’s advisable to avoid overly flashy or casual shoes, and instead opt for classic styles in black or dark brown. In some business settings, particularly in government or with conservative partners, you may encounter Saudi men wearing a traditional thobe. While you are not required to wear a thobe, demonstrating cultural awareness by dressing modestly and professionally is crucial.
Business Attire Tips for Men:
Wear a conservative suit (preferably in dark colors like black, navy, or gray).
Opt for long-sleeved dress shirts in white or light colors.
A tie is essential for formal business meetings.
Choose polished, formal shoes in black or dark brown.
Avoid flashy accessories or casual attire.
For Women: For women, dressing for business in Riyadh involves striking a balance between professionalism and modesty. While wearing an abaya is common in public spaces, within the confines of a business setting, you may wear formal business attire beneath the abaya. The abaya itself should be simple, elegant, and preferably in a dark color.
Beneath the abaya, a tailored suit or a conservative dress paired with a blazer is appropriate. Ensure that the dress or skirt falls below the knee and that the top covers the arms fully. While you are not required to wear a hijab in most business settings, carrying a scarf is advisable in case you enter a more conservative environment.
Footwear should be conservative and professional. Closed-toe shoes with a modest heel are the norm. Accessories should be understated; avoid large, flashy jewelry and opt for simple, elegant pieces.
Business Attire Tips for Women:
Wear a modest abaya over formal business attire.
Beneath the abaya, opt for a tailored suit or a conservative dress with a blazer.
Ensure skirts or dresses fall below the knee and that tops cover the arms.
Closed-toe shoes with a modest heel are appropriate.
Carry a scarf for situations where additional modesty may be required.
Islamic Dress Code for Women
The Islamic dress code for women in Riyadh is deeply rooted in the principle of modesty, which is a key component of Islamic teachings. In Saudi Arabia, this often translates to the wearing of an abaya, a loose-fitting, full-length robe that covers the body, and in some cases, a hijab or niqab.
Key Garments:
Abaya: This is the most common outer garment for women in Saudi Arabia. It is usually black, though other dark colors may also be worn. The abaya is designed to cover the entire body except for the face, hands, and feet.
Hijab: The hijab refers to a headscarf that covers the hair, neck, and sometimes the shoulders. While not mandatory for non-Muslim women, wearing a hijab in certain areas, particularly near religious sites or in conservative gatherings, is a sign of respect.
Niqab: This is a veil that covers the face, leaving only the eyes visible. It is worn by some women in Saudi Arabia, though it is not compulsory for tourists or expatriates.
The primary purpose of the Islamic dress code is to promote modesty and to prevent drawing unnecessary attention. For Muslim women living in or visiting Riyadh, adhering to this dress code is not only a religious obligation but also a social norm.
Guidelines for Muslim Women:
Wear a loose-fitting abaya that covers the entire body.
Use a hijab to cover the hair and neck.
If choosing to wear a niqab, ensure it covers the face properly, leaving only the eyes visible.
Avoid bright colors or flashy decorations on the abaya, opting for darker, more subdued colors.
Islamic Dress Code for Men
The Islamic dress code for men in Riyadh also emphasizes modesty, though it is less restrictive compared to the dress code for women. The key is to dress in a way that is respectful and avoids extravagance.
Key Garments:
Thobe (or Thawb): The thobe is a traditional long robe worn by men, typically made from cotton or a cotton blend, which is ideal for the hot climate of Saudi Arabia. The thobe is usually white, but it can also be found in other colors, particularly during the cooler months.
Ghutra/Shemagh: This is a head covering worn by men, often paired with an agal (a black cord) to hold it in place. The ghutra is usually white, but the shemagh, which has a red and white checkered pattern, is also popular.
Bisht: The bisht is a traditional cloak worn over the thobe on special occasions or in more formal settings. It is usually black or brown and is often embroidered with gold or silver.
The dress code for men is less about covering specific parts of the body and more about maintaining a modest and respectful appearance. The thobe is not mandatory for expatriates or tourists, but it is a common choice among Saudi men due to its comfort and cultural significance.
Guidelines for Muslim Men:
Wear a thobe that is loose-fitting and modest.
Consider wearing a ghutra or shemagh, especially in more formal or traditional settings.
Avoid overly extravagant or flashy clothing, opting instead for simple and modest attire.
Addressing Common Questions
Can You Wear Jeans in Riyadh? Yes, jeans can be worn in Riyadh, but with some caveats. For both men and women, jeans should be loose-fitting and not overly tight or ripped. While jeans are acceptable in more casual settings, they may not be appropriate for formal or religious environments. Pairing jeans with a longer top that covers the hips is a good way to ensure modesty while staying comfortable.
Is It Compulsory to Wear a Hijab for Tourists and Expatriates? No, it is not compulsory for non-Muslim female tourists or expatriates to wear a hijab in Riyadh. However, it is advisable to carry a scarf, as there may be situations where wearing one is required or where it shows respect, such as when visiting religious sites or more conservative areas.
What Happens If Someone Doesn’t Adhere to the Dress Code? Saudi Arabia, including Riyadh, has relaxed some of its strict dress code laws in recent years, especially for foreigners. However, it’s still important to dress modestly and respectfully. Failing to adhere to the dress code might result in being asked to change clothes or, in rare cases, a warning from local authorities. It’s always best to err on the side of caution and follow local norms to avoid any issues.
Dressing appropriately in Riyadh is about more than just following rules; it’s about showing respect for the local culture and traditions. Whether you’re a tourist, an expatriate, or a business traveler, understanding the dress code can enhance your experience and help you blend in more comfortably.
For tourists, modesty is key—women should opt for an abaya and loose-fitting clothing, while men should avoid shorts and sleeveless shirts. Expatriates can find a balance between their personal style and local customs, and business travelers should adhere to formal, conservative attire to make a positive impression.
While Riyadh is modernizing in many ways, its deep cultural roots remain, and dressing appropriately is a simple yet effective way to show respect and navigate the city with ease. By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your time in Riyadh is both enjoyable and respectful of the local customs.
